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The two are equivalent to two generations. The spaceship sits on the top of the launch vehicle, like launching a satellite, and is launched into space. After re-entering the atmosphere, it is recovered by a parachute like a returnable satellite. In this way, the load will not be too large. For example, the Soyuz spacecraft is a working mechanism of three groups.
The Aeroplane is different. The Aeroplane is more like an airplane. The front is a seven-entry living space, and the middle is a cargo compartment. It can launch satellites, and it can also use the robotic arm to recover faulty satellites. Come in the cargo compartment, and then, after performing space repairs, launch it out in space. In this way, the faulty satellite will be brought back to life, and the effect is huge.
For example, the Hubble Space Telescope was found to have loopholes in the construction process only after it went to heaven, making the expensive space telescope unusable.The aerospace aircraft used this method to successfully repair the telescope.
In this regard, Russia lags behind. However, Russia, which has inherited the mantle of the Soviet Union, is still at the forefront in terms of space stations. The Mir space station has roamed in space for more than ten years.Basically, each working group needs to stay on it for half a year. Several of the astronauts, before going to heaven, were from the Soviet Union, but after they came down, they were surprised to find that they had become Russians.
It is already very good that Russia can launch two spacecrafts every year to maintain the normal operation of the Mir space station. It is impossible to invest more money to continue the Soviet-era aerospace aircraft project, which is the Blizzard project.
The Soviet Union is no later than the United States in the aerospace aircraft project. Since the 60s, there has been a spiral project to conduct pre-research on space aircraft.The MiG-105 demonstrator developed by the Mikoyan Design Bureau has undergone many test flights, with several ups and downs. Finally, in the mid-70s, after the United States began to develop aerospace aircraft, the Soviet Union must have what the United States has. This policy started the development plan of the aerospace aircraft. They gathered some technical personnel from the Mikoyan Design Bureau who were engaged in the spiral plan, and some engineers from the design bureaus such as Mornia and Miasishev to form The newly established Mornia Consortium was fully responsible for the research and development of the Blizzard aerospace aircraft, and the supporting launch vehicle was developed by the Southern Machinery Manufacturing Plant in Ukraine.
In order to transport this big guy, the Antonov Design Bureau designed the largest transport aircraft on earth, the An-225 Dream Transport Aircraft, which can fly the Blizzard on its own back.
With an investment of nearly 100 billion rubles, finally in 88, the Blizzard Aerospace plane conducted the only non-intrusive launch test flight, which was a complete success. In the economy, it was put on hold.
暴风雪号航夭飞机,外型与美国航夭飞机极为相似,机身全长40米,高16米,机身直径5.6米,翼展24米,有效载荷货舱直径4.7米,长18.3米,可将30吨载荷送入低轨道,能运回20吨货物,乘员舱容积70立方米,可供2到4名宇航员使用,另有6个座位供乘员使用,其中除机长、驾驶员外,还有卫星修理入员2名,机械手cāo作员1名,科研入员2到3名。全机起飞总重105吨,着陆重量82吨。
If such a thing is abandoned, it will completely disappear from people's sight due to the collapse of the factory building, and only the last one will be left, which was bought by a German buyer as an exhibition. It made people sigh, and at the same time, it was something Qu Sai didn't want to see.
Therefore, under the circumstances that Russia is currently short of funds, their spaceflight plan has also stalled. Last year, they could not even build the Soyuz spacecraft. Therefore, the Mir space station had to be temporarily sealed. When he got up, he became a palace for no one to live in.
Russia knew that in the past ten years or so, they might not get too much funding for their Airborne Project, so they finally agreed to the Iraqi side's request, and Iraq invested 20 billion US dollars to fully take over the project , The project was also moved back to the Arab Space Company, including the technical personnel of the entire Mornia Consortium, and packed it back to Iraq.
Everyone is happy with this transaction.For Russia, the 20 billion US dollars is definitely not a small figure. It represents that many of Ye Litie's reform plans can continue.
Now Ye Litie has been shattered from his initial illusions about the West. He already knows that if he wants to revive Russia, the West cannot be relied on, and he can only rely on himself.It is very cost-effective to sell outdated things that are no longer needed now, and will be re-used in the future, in exchange for the funds they urgently need.
Iraq bought a lot of things from Russia, such as Su-27K fighter jets, and ordered a new batch of 24. The Sukhoi Design Bureau has been operating normally. If it is not for foreign military sales, then Russia may Already broke.
When the Soviet Union was developing this project, it had already invested 100 billion U.S. dollars. Now Iraq took over it with only 20 billion U.S. dollars. ...
If Iraq wants to go to heaven in one step, it is absolutely impossible for itself, and can only rely on external technology. At this time, taking over the stagnant Blizzard project will allow Iraq's aerospace industry to develop by leaps and bounds.
Now, in Iraq's aerospace project, it is possible to launch near-Earth satellites. This is almost entirely the result of Iraq's independent research and development. It is a liquid rocket developed on the basis of Dongfeng-3, but its thrust is limited. Its role in Iraq is It is to let them go through the path from imitation to self-made. The experience accumulated in this is a precious wealth that no one can give.
At the same time, based on the solid Rsd-10 Pioneer missile, Iraq successfully obtained a solid intercontinental ballistic missile by increasing the number of stages, which gave Iraq its own killer feature. For Iraq, its significance , and more importantly, if it were not for the emergence of this missile, it would not be able to effectively deal with the US nuclear deterrence.
Before the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Iraq had only these two systems, but after that, Iraq's technology has made greater progress. They welcomed many rocket experts, almost all of whom came from the Southern Machinery Manufacturing Plant in Ukraine.
The Southern Machinery Manufacturing Plant is a well-known rocket base in the Soviet Union. The launch vehicles of Cosmos, Hurricane-2, Hurricane-3, and Skytop are all produced by the factory. However, the Soviet Union is gone now. These rockets The manufacturing has also become single digits, or even 0, which has led to the difficult survival of this manufacturing plant, and the loss of a large number of technical personnel. Some of these experts have gone to China, and most of them have been poached by Iraq.
The scale of the Arabian space company has expanded dramatically, and now, they finally ushered in their most important project, the first flight of the Blizzard space plane!
The aircraft, if fundamentally not entirely Iraqi, is a follow-up to unfinished Soviet-era builds.
The first thousand and 130 chapters launch
After the previous several test flights, the official Blizzard was built, the first number 1.01, it is the only space shuttle in the former Soviet Union that has carried out space flight in autopilot mode, but, since the last flight, It has been 7 years, and during this time, due to poor maintenance, it has completely lost its chance to fly again.
The second, project number 1.02, was originally planned to be used for the second space flight in autopilot mode and docking with the Mir space station.Before the disintegration of the Soviet Union, it was almost completed. Although it had not been flown, but also because of maintenance problems, although it could be repaired and then flew into the sky, it was very risky.
Therefore, the final outcome of these two planes is probably the fate of entering the exhibition hall.
The Iraqi side is interested in two aircraft with project numbers 2.01 and 2.02. The first aircraft has completed half of the construction period, but the internal electronic equipment has not been completed, while the second aircraft has only completed 15.00% .
Iraq is most satisfied with these two planes. In the past few years, electronic technology has advanced by leaps and bounds, and Iraq can just use these technologies to improve.
Since the overall design staff is almost complete, after the funds in Iraq are in place, the follow-up work will begin at the Arab Space Company in the southern desert of Iraq. At the same time, the high-thrust launch vehicle similar to the Energy The rocket, also began to be assembled in the factory.
After several years of hard work, finally, the first full-state space shuttle was born in the Arab Space Company in Iraq.
Today is its first attempt.
According to the characteristics of the Soviet Union, the transshipment process is all horizontal. Therefore, after the transshipment is completed, a series of tests are required.
Reporters from many countries reported on this test flight, which marked that Iraq became the third country to master manned aircraft after the United States and Russia. This is a huge progress.
This time it is still an unmanned flight. It will take at least five years for Iraq to go from unmanned to manned. The first batch of Iraqi astronauts is undergoing training in Kazakhstan. Iraq's manned spaceflight project will take a long time.
As night fell gradually, the space shuttle on the launching platform stood quietly.
Compared with the US space shuttle, this Blizzard has a somewhat more reasonable design. The US space shuttle has three main engines at the tail. When entering orbit, the main engine and the additional engine need to work together, while the Blizzard does not have The main engine is like a load hung on the side of the Energia rocket, which greatly reduces the weight of the space shuttle when it enters orbit, and at the same time makes room for the installation of small mobile flight engines and deceleration brake parachutes. (Although from the outside, they are all hung on a large cylinder, but the thing on the American space shuttle is a huge fuel tank, while the Soviet one is a real rocket. It is the difference.) Moreover, the safety should be greatly improved. The space shuttle claims to be reusable many times. However, the American space shuttle is far from reaching the declared number of times. Among them, the engine that has been used many times is one of the most frequent failures. the culprit.The Blizzard has no such problem at all, but it has a small adjustment engine installed at the tail, so that when the Blizzard lands, it can use the small engine at the tail to perform powered maneuvering and land safely and accurately on the long and narrow runway. Once the landing attitude is not good, the space shuttle can also be raised for a second landing, thereby improving reliability.The deceleration brake parachute at the tail will automatically pop up when the speed slows down to 50 km/h during the landing run, so that the space shuttle can stop within a short distance.
This project, in the Soviet period, has actually matured, and the only thing that needs to be continued is the test flight.
This spacecraft, which has completed its final construction in Iraq, is already a full-fledged aircraft, including the life support system on it, including the two dummies installed on it. Iraq stands on the shoulders of the Soviet Union and stands very tall at once. up.
The Blizzard needs to be carried by the Energia rocket before it can fly into the sky. Compared with the space shuttle, the Energia rocket may have no less significance to Iraq than the space shuttle.
It is quite a huge project to send a space shuttle of more than 100 tons into space. The Energia rocket, which is specially researched for the launch of this space shuttle, has been developed in the Soviet Union for decades.
This history begins with the Soviet Union's failed moon landing program. The failure of the Soviet Union's moon landing was because there was no mature rocket engine to use. After learning from the pain, the development of the Energia rocket began.
This kind of rocket has adopted a modular design from the beginning, and through matching, it can meet different load requirements, for example, sending a load of [-] tons to low-earth orbit, sending a load of [-] tons directly to the moon, or Send to Mars.
Its auxiliary propulsion uses the advanced liquid oxygen kerosene engine rd-170. In later generations, the Zenith series of launch vehicles improved by its booster have been flying all the time. Its thrust is as high as 740 tons, which is ten times that of the Long March series of rocket engines. Therefore, only one such engine is needed for the Zenith series of rockets, which is enough to fly.
Moreover, the liquid oxygen kerosene engine has no pollution and is the most ideal rocket engine. In this regard, the former Soviet Union is far ahead.
The main propeller is a liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen engine with a total mass of [-] tons.
The Soviet Union spent decades and nearly 500 billion rubles in funds, and finally developed a launch vehicle that far exceeds the Saturn-5. Unfortunately, in later generations, such an advanced launch vehicle only conducted two test flights , one of which was a flight with the space shuttle Buran.
It was not born at the right time. In the end, only the subsystems of this kind of rocket, that is, the Zenith rocket that the booster became, was still in commercial launch. The main propulsion engine was sold, and this kind of rocket also died without a problem.
With the space shuttle, Iraq must also have the Energia rocket. However, for such a more expensive project, Qusay was not willing to spend more money. He just paid a lot of money to hire Cuba, the chief designer of the Energia rocket. Nove and a large number of other technicians then purchased various important parts and components, including two important engines, from the Southern Machinery Manufacturing Plant and other places, and then assembled them in Iraq.
All kinds of industrial processing equipment in Iraq have reached a certain level, and a large number of technicians from the Southern Machinery Manufacturing Plant have been invited. They are not copycat rockets, but completely remanufactured.Although important engines still need to be imported, Iraq will eventually realize its own manufacturing of this advanced engine.
This is a long process, but as long as there are these technical personnel, Qusay believes that Iraq's aerospace engineering can achieve great progress.
The implementation of these projects has driven the progress of Iraq's domestic technologies in various aspects such as materials, machinery, electronics, and ecology, and stimulated the development of many high-tech technologies, which have been transformed into civil projects in all aspects, and finally transformed into a new economy. growth point.
March 95, 3, eight thirty in the evening.
In the launch command hall located five kilometers away from the launch platform, the atmosphere at the scene was serious.A stiff voice sounded in the launch platform, three 10 minutes to prepare!
With the start of the countdown, the launch has entered an irreversible process, and fuel has been injected into the launch box.
The launch pad on the launch pad has begun to slowly open to both sides, and the Energia rocket, together with the Blizzard space shuttle, stands quietly on the launch pad.
These are the final moments before it takes off.
During the 10-minute countdown, the entire launch system began to enter the self-test.
In the launch hall, there are not only Iraqi rocket experts, but also a large number of rocket experts from the former Soviet Union countries, including the main space shuttle developers. They are carefully operating in the field they are in charge of.
Iraq has made considerable progress in electronic technology. The supercomputer in the launch hall was made by Iraq itself using many self-produced CPU chips, and its calculation speed has surpassed that of the Baikonur Space Center. That system host.